Phonemic and Phonological Awareness
	(Sound Recognition and Manipulation)
	Phonemic awareness is the ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds in spoken words. Students must be able to recognize phonemes or sounds and be able to manipulate them by isolating sounds (the beginning sound of car is k/), blending separate sounds together to make a word (/c/, /a/, /T/ is cat), and segmenting or breaking apart the sounds of a word (pat is made up of /p/, /a/, /T/).
	Phonological awareness is a broader term that includes phonemic awareness as well as activities with rhymes, syllables, onsets and rimes, and words. First grade students should be able to:
	· Isolate beginning, ending, and medial sounds, · Blend and segment the phonemes of most one-syllable words, · Add, delete, or change sounds to change words, and · Identify and produce rhyming sounds.